Active And Pasive

Active

In most English sentences with an action verb, the subject performs the action denoted by the verb.
    These examples show that the subject is  doing the verb's action.
            
Because the subject does or "acts upon" the verb in such sentences, the sentences are said to be in the active voice.

Passive
One can change the normal word order of many active sentences (those with a direct object) so that the subject is no longer active, but is, instead, being acted upon by the verb - or passive.
    Note in these examples how the subject-verb relationship has changed.
            
Because the subject is being "acted upon" (or is passive), such sentences are said to be in the passive voice.


NOTE:   Colorful parrots live in the rainforests cannot be changed to passive voice because the sentence does not have a direct object.
To change a sentence from active to passive voice, do the following:


    1.  Move  the active sentence's direct object into the sentence's subject  slot
             

    2. Place the active sentence's subject into a  phrase beginning with the preposition by
              


    3.  Add a form of the auxiliary verb be to the main verb and change the  main verb's form
              




Because passive voice sentences necessarily add words and change the normal doer-action-receiver of action direction, they may make the reader work harder to understand the intended meaning.
As the examples below illustrate, a sentence in  active voice  flows more smoothly and is easier to understand than the same sentence in  passive voice.


             

            
It is generally preferable to use the ACTIVE voice.

To change a passive voice sentence into an active voice sentence, simply reverse the steps shown above.


    1.  Move  the passive sentence's subject into the active  sentence's  direct object slot
             

    2.  Remove  the auxiliary verb be from the main verb and change main verb's form if needed
            

    3. Place the passive sentence's object of the preposition by into the subject slot.
           

Because it is more direct, most writers prefer to use the active voice whenever possible.
The passive voice may be a better choice, however, when

• the doer of the action is unknown, unwanted, or unneeded in the sentence

             Examples
             

• the writer wishes to emphasize the action of the sentence rather than the doer of the action

            Examples

               

Article :

Yet in recent weeks, the on-loan Sunderland forward has shown signs of becoming the player he often threatened to be at parent club Arsenal - where his languid style and approach to the game eventually saw him cast as the scapegoat for the club’s wider problems.

After a promising loan spell at Birmingham City in the Championship throughout the 2006-07 season, Bendtner returned to north London and quickly established himself as a cult figure at the club.

He wrote his name in Gunners folklore with his first-ever Premier League goal, which sealed a 2-1 victory over Tottenham in December 2007 just seconds after the striker had been introduced as a second-half substitute.

Yet after being rewarded for his match-winning performance, the following week, on first league start against Everton, Bendtner served warning that he would be just as likely to frustrate as dazzle after receiving a red card for a second bookable offence in Arsenal’s 4-1 win at Goodison Park.

As such, a return of 22 Premier League goals since his promotion to the first team at the Emirates was not enough for his misdemeanours to be brushed aside as the loveable escapades of a tortured genius, and his performances did little to suggest there was brilliance hiding behind the madness.

Frustrations on both the striker’s and his club’s part – sparked by his omission from the starting XI for the 2-1 League Cup final defeat to Birmingham City - saw the Denmark international once again sent on loan at the start of the current campaign, yet Bendtner has far from floundered during his spell at Sunderland.

Initially, under Steve Bruce, he looked to be slipping into familiar habits. With the Black Cats’ poor form from the second-half of last season continuing into the new campaign, the forward failed to make any real sort of impact at the Stadium of Light.

Outside of football, switching from the bright lights of London to the north-east did little to dilute his volatile character.

Arrested for brawling at a Newcastle hotel in September of last year, Bendtner’s first impression under new boss Martin O’Neill also came in the shape of another brush with the law, with the Dane and club captain Lee Cattermole both arrested for damaging cars in the city.

Yet since the Northern Irishman’s arrival at the club in December, there has not only been an upturn in fortunes for Sunderland, who are now on course to seal a top 10 finish after spending the first half of the season flirting with the sides at the bottom of the table, but also a marked improvement in the striker’s output.

Bendtner will always be a player to score one out of every four good opportunities, but with James McClean proving to be more than just a young gun riding on adrenaline and a lack of fear, and Sebastian Larsson beginning to form a promising understanding with his ex-Arsenal and Birmingham team-mate, the 24-year-old has become the focal point of a Sunderland side brimming with potential.

words that are underlined and bolded containing passive sentences